The Church in this is mindful that she must bring together the nations for that king to whom they were given as an inheritance,(121) and to whose city they bring gifts and offerings. 2301 (38S7-61). I, Const.Dogm. Moreover, within the Church particular Churches hold a rightful place; these Churches retain their own traditions, without in any way opposing the primacy of the Chair of Peter, which presides over the whole assembly of charity (11*) and protects legitimate differences, while at the same time assuring that such differences do not hinder unity but rather contribute toward it. Maximum illud: AAS 11 (1919) p. 440, Pius XI. dogm. Litt. 1950: AAS 42 (1950) p. 256. Conc. 17-33; 2: col. 357. 7 de Hierosolymis: Conc. He is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in all things He might have the first place. Funk, I, p. 300: Christus dicitur . (12) Cfr. (295) (11*), 59. (64*) By the power of the sacrament of Orders,(65*) in the image of Christ the eternal high Priest,(177) they are consecrated to preach the Gospel and shepherd the faithful and to celebrate divine worship, so that they are true priests of the New Testament. (Cf. Iovin. passim. THE MYSTERY OF THE CHURCH. 121-122: Tribuas eis, Domine, cathedram episcopalem ad regendam Ecclesiam tuam et plebem universam.. Cfr. de sacr. Finally it clearly shows all men both the unsurpassed breadth of the strength of Christ the King and the infinite power of the Holy Spirit marvelously working in the Church. De quelle consolation, 1. c., p. 789: Dans les batailles decisives, c'est parfois du front que partent les plus heureuses initiatives..Idem Alloc. And let the bishop regard his priests as his co-workers and as sons and friends, just as Christ called His disciples now not servants but friends. 2 de Annunt., 2: PG 89, 1377 AB; Serm. They will accomplish this by their constancy in prayer, by their burning love, and by their unremitting recollection of whatever is true, just and of good repute. Encycl. November 21, 1964. : PL 50, 505 AB- Schwartz, Acta Conc. Encycl : Mediator Dei: AAS 39 (1947) p . Funk, I, p. 264. S.Ignatius M. Trall. 107 Cf. 112-3117, in nova ed. These laymen spend themselves completely in apostolic labors, working the Lord's field with much success.(10*). Pius XI, Litt. However, until there shall be new heavens and a new earth in which justice dwells,(243) the pilgrim Church in her sacraments and institutions, which pertain to this present time, has the appearance of this world which is passing and she herself dwells among creatures who groan and travail in pain until now and await the revelation of the sons of God.(244). The Mystery of the Church. Later. (6) Cfr. 63, 14: PL 4, 386; Hartel, III B, p. 713: Saccrdos vice Christi vere fungitur .. S. Io. Cfr. 2 in Annunt., 18: PG 87 (3), 3237 BD. (184) intent always upon the welfare of God's children, they must strive to lend their effort to the pastoral work of the whole diocese, and even of the entire Church. A bishop marked with the fullness of the sacrament of Orders, is "the steward of the grace of the supreme priesthood," (48*) especially in the Eucharist, which he offers or causes to be offered,(49*) and by which the Church continually lives and grows. 3. To Him all things are made subject until He subjects Himself and all created things to the Father that God may be all in all. Can the inculpably ignorant be saved by Christ apart from the knowledge of Christ? (16*) This, however, is to be so understood that it neither takes away from nor adds anything to the dignity and efficaciousness of Christ the one Mediator.(17*). Plurimae inseriptione in Catacumbis romanis. Pius XII Litt. Finally, Christian spouses, in virtue of the sacrament of Matrimony, whereby they signify and partake of the mystery of that unity and fruitful love which exists between Christ and His Church,(108) help each other to attain to holiness in their married life and in the rearing and education of their children. Since Jesus, the Son of God, manifested His charity by laying down His life for us, so too no one has greater love than he who lays down his life for Christ and His brothers. In order that the faithful may reach this perfection, they must use their strength accordingly as they have received it, as a gift from Christ. When she presented Him to the Lord in the temple, making the offering of the poor, she heard Simeon foretelling at the same time that her Son would be a sign of contradiction and that a sword would pierce the mother's soul, that out of many hearts thoughts might be revealed. (11) Cfr. 3:21; 2 Tim. Thus, the Church, although it needs human resources to carry out its mission, is not set up to seek earthly glory, but to proclaim, even by its own example, humility and self-sacrifice. (15) De spirituali paupertate et oboedientia testimonia praccipua S.Scripturae et Patrum afferuntur in Relatione pp. The Word of the Lord is compared to a seed which is sown in a field;(19) those who hear the Word with faith and become part of the little flock of Christ,(20) have received the Kingdom itself. Oec. Hom. Despite the great changes that Vatican II brought to the Church, few people grasp the council's teachings, or are aware of the debates that have taken place in the past four decades regarding the council's authentic reception and implementation To respond to this pressing pastoral reality, distinguished theologian and professor Richard R. Gaillardetz focuses on three of the council's documents . Apost. (4*), II. Mt. 37. S. Ignatius M., Magn. This is explicitly affirmed in n. 22, 12, and is explained at the end of that section. (4) Cfr. Hartel, p. 696. 39. (27) Cfr. The members of these institutes, in fulfilling their obligation to the Church due to their particular form of life, ought to show reverence and obedience to bishops according to the sacred canons. S. Pius X, Exhort. - S. Pius X, Litt. The Son whom she brought forth is He whom God placed as the first-born among many brethren,(299) namely the faithful, in whose birth and education she cooperates with a maternal love. 1978 a (3370) . 2300 (3850). Encycl. 5, ad 1. Origenes, In Is. These elements, as gifts belonging to the Church of Christ, are forces impelling toward catholic unity. 1683 (2879). (18*) For in the mystery of the Church, which is itself rightly called mother and virgin, the Blessed Virgin stands out in eminent and singular fashion as exemplar both of virgin and mother. Vat. 1956: AAS 48 (1956) p. 574 s. (5) Cfr. (3) Cfr. 1890: ASS 22 (1889-90) p. 397 ss. It does all it can to relieve their need and in them it strives to serve Christ. Apost. This edifice has many names to describe it: the house of God (37) in which dwells His family; the household of God in the Spirit;(38) the dwelling place of God among men;(39) and, especially, the holy temple. (16*) They also share with us in prayer and other spiritual benefits. 1896: ASS 28 (1895-96) p. 738. Decr. The Church itself, by the authority given to it by God, accepts the vows of the newly professed. It also clarified the Church's mission as the universal . Florentinum, Decretum pro Graecis: Denz. Lumen Gentium 1. 62, a. (16) Cfr. On this occasion the Theological Commission makes reference to its Declaration of March 6, 1964, the text of which we transcribe here: "Taking conciliar custom into consideration and also the pastoral purpose of the present Council, the sacred Council defines as binding on the Church only those things in matters of faith and morals which it shall openly declare to be binding. Gentium. Having set forth the functions of the hierarchy, the Sacred Council gladly turns its attention. But the faithful must cling to their bishop, as the Church does to Christ, and Jesus Christ to the Father, so that all may be of one mind through unity,(61*) and abound to the glory of God. Hebr. Encycl. (60) Conc. I, ess. 5, 12-13; Phil. II, 7: PL 15, 1555. As having one day to render an account for their souls,(173) he takes care of them by his prayer, preaching, and all the works of charity, and not only of them but also of those who are not yet of the one flock, who also are commended to him in the Lord. Lumen Gentium, Dogmatic Constitution On the Church, 1964. This dogmatic constitution was promulgated by Pope Paul VI on 21 November 1964, following approval by the assembled bishops by a vote of 2,151 to 5. Pius XII, Litt. Mediator Dei, 20 nov. 1947: AAS 39 (1947) p. 555. ; ed. 7, 7: PG 14, 1122 B. Ps.- Macarius, De Oratione, 11: PG 34, 861 AB. (31) Cfr. (293) After this manner the Blessed Virgin advanced in her pilgrimage of faith, and faithfully persevered in her union with her Son unto the cross, where she stood, in keeping with the divine plan,(294) grieving exceedingly with her only begotten Son, uniting herself with a maternal heart with His sacrifice, and lovingly consenting to the immolation of this Victim which she herself had brought forth. . (13) Cfr. Pius XII, Litt. (10) Cfr. This diversity among its members arises either by reason of their duties, as is the case with those who exercise the sacred ministry for the good of their brethren, or by reason of their condition and state of life, as is the case with those many who enter the religious state and, tending toward holiness by a narrower path, stimulate their brethren by their example. X, 24-25: PL 15, 1810. There is but one Mediator as we know from the words of the apostle, "for there is one God and one mediator of God and men, the man Christ Jesus, who gave himself a redemption for all". Lc. Sess. (135)(22*) In this way the Church both prays and labors in order that the entire world may become the People of God, the Body of the Lord and the Temple of the Holy Spirit, and that in Christ, the Head of all, all honor and glory may be rendered to the Creator and Father of the Universe. (25) Tertullianus, de Iciunio, 13: PL 2, 972 B; CSFL 20, p. 292,lin. 2 in dorm. There is, therefore, in Christ and in the Church no inequality on the basis of race or nationality, social condition or sex, because "there is neither Jew nor Greek: there is neither bond nor free: there is neither male nor female. Finally, those who engage in laborand frequently it is of a heavy natureshould better themselves by their human labors. Lumen Gentium, ("Light of Nations", Vatican II, 1964) changed nothing in the ecclesiology of the Roman Catholic Church, and it was designed that way. Paul's priorities map closely with those of the Second Vatican Council, which was ongoing at the time he wrote the encyclical, and many of the themes introduced in the encyclical are further elaborated in the documents of the council, such as Lumen Gentium on the nature of the church, Gaudium et Spes on the relationship between the church and . Encycl. Litt. The former is a duty; the latter a grace. All the laity as a community and each one according to his ability must nourish the world with spiritual fruits. 1, 8: PG 96, 712 BC-713 A. Mariac, sermo 4: PG 97, 865 A. 939 (1742). S. Thomas, Summa Theol. A council is never ecumenical unless it is confirmed or at least accepted as such by the successor of Peter; and it is prerogative of the Roman Pontiff to convoke these councils, to preside over them and to confirm them. Rosweydus, Viqae Patrum, Antwerpiae 1628. They ought to fulfill this duty in such a way that it will be the principal means also of their own sanctification. (4) S. Cyprianus, De Orat Dom. Dei Verbum, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation, November 15, 1965. 5, 22; 2 Tim. Encycl. He is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in all things He might have the first place. The full document is available on the internet. Modus 84. De Sacra Liturgia, n. 7 et n. 47. It is exercised under the guidance of the sacred teaching authority, in faithful and respectful obedience to which the people of God accepts that which is not just the word of men but truly the word of God. Uninterruptedly He renews it and leads it to perfect union with its Spouse. 121, 32: PL 40 288. S. Cyprianus, Epist. (36*) With all their energy, therefore, they must supply to the missions both workers for the harvest and also spiritual and material aid, both directly and on their own account. If they fail moreover to respond to that grace in thought, word and deed, not only shall they not be saved but they will be the more severely judged.(13*). This it intends to do following faithfully the teaching of previous councils. This is beyond the measure of the commandments, but is done in order to become more fully like the obedient Christ. nothing to dislike. The religious state clearly manifests that the Kingdom of God and its needs, in a very special way, are raised above all earthly considerations. (12) Cfr. S. Methodius, Symposion, VII, 3: GCS (Bodwetseh), p. 74. (24*), For all of us, who are sons of God and constitute one family in Christ,(279) as long as we remain in communion with one another in mutual charity and in one praise of the most holy Trinity, are corresponding with the intimate vocation of the Church and partaking in foretaste the liturgy of consummate glory. Lumen Gentium holds a central place among council documents and has been received by the Church with nearly universal acclaim. In this manner, they offer all men the example of unwearying and generous love; in this way they build up the brotherhood of charity; in so doing, they stand as the witnesses and cooperators in the fruitfulness of Holy Mother Church; by such lives, they are a sign and a participation in that very love, with which Christ loved His Bride and for which He delivered Himself up for her. S. Irenaeus, Adv. Eusebius Caes., Praeparatio Evangelica, 1, 1: PG 2128 AB. 9, 375-396. The people of God have no lasting city here below, but look forward to one that is to come. (23) Ex Praefatione, aliquious dioecesibus concessa. Besides these already named, there are also laymen, chosen of God and called by the bishop. Rom. Opera, Quaracchi, t. 8, 1898, p. 245 a. Thus in their diversity all bear witness to the wonderful unity in the Body of Christ. 3, citat verba 2 Tim. 1. 16, 21: PG 13, 1443 C, Tertullianus Adv. Isaac de Stella, Serm. The rest of the things which the sacred Council sets forth, inasmuch as they are the teaching of the Church's supreme magisterium, ought to be accepted and embraced by each and every one of Christ's faithful according to the mind of the sacred Council. Ang Lumen Gentium(kahulugan sa Latin: "Liwanag ng mga Bansa"), ang Dogmatikong Konstitusyon ukol sa Simbahanay isa sa mga pangunahing dokumento ng Ikalawang Konsilyo Vatikano. Upon all the laity, therefore, rests the noble duty of working to extend the divine plan of salvation to all men of each epoch and in every land. Pius l II, Const. Pius XII, Const. The former is a danger; the latter, salvation" (1*). 12, 48: Omni autem, cui multum datum est, multum quaeretur ab eo. Episcopus Christi typum gerit, Eiusque munere fungitur. 72, a. Augustinus, Serm. SUMMARY. crit. 378-379; Denz. 14, 37: PL 45, 1015 s.: Non tantum continenti Dei donum est, sed coniugatorum etiam castitas. 3, 7. Rom. 302 (600-601) . The Church, then, considers martyrdom as an exceptional gift and as the fullest proof of love. Funk, I, p. 400. By divine institution Holy Church is ordered and governed with a wonderful diversity. Encycl. (l4*), III. Pius XII, Litt. His Mother indeed kept these things to be pondered over in her heart. Cast. They are called there by God that by exercising their proper function and led by the spirit of the Gospel they may work for the sanctification of the world from within as a leaven. 693 (1305). L. 2, 9, 23: PG 93, 894 B. Pius XII, Alloc. M., Philad., Praef. (235)(16*), 43. 590-591. 8, a. It is through the sacraments and the exercise of the virtues that the sacred nature and organic structure of the priestly community is brought into operation. SS, 24: Hartel, p. 642, line. The Lord Jesus, the divine Teacher and Model of all perfection, preached holiness of life to each and everyone of His disciples of every condition. For the nurturing and constant growth of the People of God, Christ the Lord instituted in His Church a variety of ministries, which work for the good of the whole body. 3. 15-16, n. 44 et pp. Sitting at the right hand of the Father, He is continually active in the world that He might lead men to the Church and through it join them to Himself and that He might make them partakers of His glorious life by nourishing them with His own Body and Blood. Priests, prudent cooperators with the Episcopal order,(72*) its aid and instrument, called to serve the people of God, constitute one priesthood (73*) with their bishop although bound by a diversity of duties. For you I am a bishop; but with you I am a Christian. 6, Decretum de iustificatione, can. In this manner, through the members of the Church, will Christ progressively illumine the whole of human society with His saving light. By reason of the gift and role of divine maternity, by which she is united with her Son, the Redeemer, and with His singular graces and functions, the Blessed Virgin is also intimately united with the Church. (70) Cfr. III, q. Christ is the Light of nations. (149)(16*), 21. This is done in virtue of his primacy over the entire Church in order to more fully provide for the necessities of the entire flock of the Lord and in consideration of the common good. [1] By the sacred anointing of the sick and the prayer of her priests the whole Church commends the sick to the suffering and glorified Lord, asking that He may lighten their suffering and save them;(106) she exhorts them, moreover, to contribute to the welfare of the whole people of God by associating themselves freely with the passion and death of Christ. (13) Cfr. S. Bonaventura, Opusc. XV, et Adnot. Liber sacramentorum S. Gregorii, Praefatio in Cathedra S. Petri, in natali S. Mathiae et S. Thomas: PL 78, 50, 51 et 152. Encycl. Pius XII, Litt. The Church, "like a stranger in a foreign land, presses forward amid the persecutions of the world and the consolations of God"(14*), announcing the cross and death of the Lord until He comes. Hom. Thus it is evident to everyone, that all the faithful of Christ of whatever rank or status, are called to the fullness of the Christian life and to the perfection of charity;(4*) by this holiness as such a more human manner of living is promoted in this earthly society. (4) Cfr. 63 Cf. (3*) The Spirit and the Bride both say to Jesus, the Lord, "Come! Because of the very economy of salvation the faithful should learn how to distinguish carefully between those rights and duties which are theirs as members of the Church, and those which they have as members of human society. Sapientae christianae, 10 ian. For this reason, in reply to Modus 12 it is expressly said of the Twelve that the Lord set them up "as a college or stable group." "(4*), 5. (23) Cfr. Pius XI, Litt. She herself is a virgin, who keeps the faith given to her by her Spouse whole and entire. 30: Denz. Further, let them encourage lay people so that they may undertake tasks on their own initiative. S. Augustinus, De Dono Persev. (172) Let him not refuse to listen to his subjects, whom he cherishes as his true sons and exhorts to cooperate readily with him. Serm. 984-988 (1821-1824); Sess. Ecclesiam Dei, 12 nov. 1923: AAS 15 (1923) p. 581. For our Lord placed Simon alone as the rock and the bearer of the keys of the Church,(156) and made him shepherd of the whole flock;(157) it is evident, however, that the power of binding and loosing, which was given to Peter,(158) was granted also to the college of apostles, joined with their head. I, ib. - S. Germanus Constantinop., In annunt. 1, 1 Col. 4, 11, et passim. Further, let them encourage lay people so that they may undertake tasks on their initiative. ; CSFL 20, p. 74 1443 C, Tertullianus Adv have the first place, the Lord field! 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