The procedure allowed me to observe the affects of the height from which a table tennis ball was dropped from upon the height to which it bounced. Gas molecules move more slowly at temperatures below freezing, causing them to contract and contract. This is because the molecules inside of the ball which are the main variables that cause them to bounce differ in mass and energy at temperatures. Either the coefficient to restitution that was worked out is incorrect, which would mean that the first three results are inaccurate or subsequent results were inaccurate. The longer it takes to stop, the higher it bounces to. The experiment was conducted as the method (below) states. The ball did not reach terminal velocity however as it did not have enough time to accelerate to its terminal velocity. Carefully climb the ladder with the ball. Try bouncing different kinds of balls to test this question. The bounce height was measured at a 90 degree viewing angle to the ruler to minimise parallax errors. Answer (1 of 2): Some surfaces absorb more energy than others do. Cold weather causes the rubber to harden, resulting in drops in air pressure inside the ball. Tennis balls on hard courts have a greater bounce and speed than on artificial turf or grass courts. Such an impact compresses the ball 1.4-1.6 inches, or about 54-62% of its diameter. What factors affect the bounce height of a ball? his the height of the balls bounce. The results of the experiment can be used to compare the different surfaces and see which one makes the ball bounce the highest. The Graph on page 23 shows that all of the results were very close together. Each of the following experiments tests a different hypothesis. It therefore hits more air particles each second and so the force of drag is bigger the faster the ball goes. Then when dropping the ball again eye level was kept level with the blue tack. is well-inflated and made of rubber which would give it more kinetic energy and Changes in the area of linoleum floor tile that the ball collided with may have affected the height to which it bounced to thus producing variation between results. [accessed August 4, 2006]. On a grass tennis court, e y varies from about 0.6 to 0.75 depending on the length of the grass and the softness of the underlying soil. One way to measure the amount of air that is in a ball is with an air pressure gauge. Therefore any change to the height from which the ball starts with affects the height to which it bounces to. 3. The Cold Group (-15C) averaged 53.5 cm, the Cool Group (6C) averaged 98.5 cm, the Room Temperature Group (46C) averaged 114.5 cm, the Warm Group (100C) averaged 136.5 cm, and the Hot Group (142.5 cm) averaged 142.5 cm It was determined to be correct to my hypothesis. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. The ball is dropped from a known height and the time of each bounce is measured. The temperature of a tennis ball can affect its bounce height. The tennis balls bounce in different ways. Gravel got bounced on the least, 1 time . A lot of - Pencil x The difference between the predicted height and the actual height will provide evidence as to how air resistance affects the flight of the ball. As there is more GPE more energy is converted into KE (The ball is going faster, KE=1/2mv. If you like this project, you might enjoy exploring these related careers: You can find this page online at: https://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project-ideas/Phys_p039/physics/balls-bouncing-off-of-surfaces. When a tennis ball is on the court, the bounces are heavily influenced by the environment. A similar length stick, marked in 5-10cm bands of colour. Few independent variables will be changed, so the investigation is easy to manage, and the data is easier to process. The low bounce allows him to hit his forehand with a topspin as the ball stays low and bends over the net. The experiment will demonstrate that if the temperature of a tennis ball was altered, it would bounce either higher of lower. , v is greater therefore KE is greater by a larger amount). The ball bouncing on a hard surface travels further and faster than the ball bouncing on a grass surface, which is why youll see professional tennis players playing on hard courts in cold weather. - Sticky tape - 1 roll. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Measure from the bottom of the ball. In our This means it will be travelling the same speed when it hits the ground. When the ball was dropped from the higher heights the ball began to show signs of reaching its terminal velocity before it reaches the ground. The higher the height from which the ball was dropped from, the higher the height to which it bounced. The Tennis ball experiment - Home The Tennis ball experiment How Do Different Surfaces Effect The Bounce Of A Tennis Ball? Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Bending Plant Roots with Gravity Lesson Plan Introduction. Therefore, our hypothesis was refuted by our final results. Use the pressure gauge to release some of the air pressure from the ball. When the ball deforms, its molecules are stretched apart in some places and squeezed together in others. This is impossible. When the temperature rises in one direction, bouncing abilities increase, whereas when the temperature falls in the other direction, they decrease. bounces the highest on smooth concrete. The movement of the air causes the ball to bounce back off the . As the ball has less KE and is travelling slower it becomes stationary faster at the top of its arc. If the coefficient to restitution = 0.7, a ball dropping from h, in a vacuum would reach the height of 0.7 h, As velocity increases air resistance increases in proportion to the square of the velocity. AIM: To investigate how the bounce height of different types of balls changes. it goes back into the ball, giving it more force to pop back up into the air. Set the tripod back far enough for the entire ladder and measuring poster to be in view. As the ball is released, gravity pulls it downwards and transforms it into motion. The higher the air pressure the more air particles per cubic meter. Conclusion: Which ball will bounce higher off a hard surface? During the research fraction of the experiment, it was, discovered that there is a handful of information that would assist my partner and I, in the execution of our experiment. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. in the execution of our experiment. A tennis ball bounces because the air inside pushes outwards when it is in contact with a hard surface. It shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. When the ball hits the floor and stops, that energy has to go somewhere. September 28, 2022 by George Jackson. Aim:To find out what affects the height to which a ball bounces. For example, a tennis ball bouncing off a hard surface such as concrete or a hard court has an e y of about 0.75, whereas a ball incident on soft garden soil would hardly bounce at all. When the temperature of a tennis ball changes, it becomes more elastic and has an intriguing reaction with its gas-filled core. We did this by bouncing different types of balls You can compensate by adjusting your strings and striking a much bouncier tennis ball. = The distance between the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing and the ground. Materials 1. A hard surface like concrete absorbs less energy than a soft surface like a carpeted floor. was proven correct after our experiment. It should be on a smooth cement surface for optimal ball bouncing. The higher h1, the faster the velocity that the ball reaches. An increase in m, assuming g and h1stay constant, results in an increase in m g h1 which results in an increase in GPE. Fully pump up the basketball and check the pressure with the pressure gauge. Which surface bounces a ball the highest? The different types of tennis court surfaces are hard, clay, carpet, and grass. The same square of tiling will be used throughout the experiment so that inconsistencies between different floor tiles do not affect results. How can you measure the height a ball bounces? The aim of the experiment my partner and I performed was to find out which We use cookies and those of third party providers to deliver the best possible web experience and to compile statistics. The chains stretch back out as rubber cools, allowing the original form to return. This also proves the accuracy of the experiment. Once the drag force equals the gravitational force all forces are equal and acceleration stops. The ball bounces pretty badly when its on a soft surface because it absorbs more energy from the fall. This is the reason we put in our hypothesis that a rubber ball 39 cm 38 cm 41 cm 39 cm. A cold tennis ball will not bounce as high because the air inside the ball is not as expansive. From this it can be seen that using the average of the middle three results is more accurate than using the average of all five, as it automatically discounts most anomalies. These inaccuracies could have been caused by external factors or parallax error even though efforts were made to avoid parallax error occurring - by dropping the ball one time that was not measured and placing a blob of blue tack onto the meter rule at the approximate height it bounced to. Its a great way to get some exercise while also getting some quality time with friends. In air considerations have to be taken into account such as air resistance but even so the rough height to which it will bounce to can be predicted before dropping the ball. Tennis players typically deal with the heat in one of two ways: cooling down before the match or taking a quick dip before the match. This trial experiment was similar to the prediction step in the scientific method as the trial experiment was used to predict what might happen in the real experiment. Introduction: The results are shorter rallies and quicker points. As for catching the balls on time, we changed our hand positioning and Air resistance exists but does not affect the velocity of the ball significantly. Focus. Find a clear space to work in. Balls change shape during play. 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Aim: to find out which surface bounces a ball the highest. To determine how high a tennis ball will bounce when dropped from a . It relates to how much energy balls have, what they are made of, how they change shape and where the energy they have goes. The air pressure within the hollow ball changes as the temperature rises. A tennis ball will bounce higher when it is hot because the air inside the ball is more expansive. small balls sometimes, but we could have improved this by taking many attempts Tennis balls can be stored at temperatures lower than optimal in order to extend their life. by Jonah Lehrer on September 8, 2011. he official rule book of tennis is 35 pages long. This can be a great way to teach kids about the physics of tennis and how temperature affects the game. During the preliminary experiment it was established that time was not an important factor that had to be taken into account when deciding how many different heights to drop the ball from and the interval between those heights. A measuring stick/ruler marked in centimetres; long enough to record the highest ball bounce. The ball shoots back up after being slowed down. The ball feels softer on the hand, but much harder on impact, resulting in a very different type of tennis. The combination of the material properties of a ball (surface textures, actual materials, amount of air, hardness/ softness, and so on) affects the height of its bounce. This proves that the higher h1the more h2will differ from the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. I will drop the ball 3 Which surface bounces a ball the highest? Data from the most recent bounces per temperature or the third trial is used to create the graph. 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Is bigger the faster the ball, giving it more force to pop back up after being slowed down,! And striking a much bouncier tennis ball will bounce higher when it hits floor. To investigate how the bounce height was measured at a 90 degree viewing angle to the ruler minimise! Check the pressure gauge coefficient to restitution can be a great way teach... So that inconsistencies between different floor tiles do not affect results different floor tiles do affect. Cold tennis ball can affect its bounce height different type of tennis is pages... 41 cm 39 cm 38 cm 41 cm 39 cm 38 cm 41 cm 39 cm in pressure. Recorded that exceeded the height to which it bounces to in a ball the ball... Bends over the net as the method ( below ) states coefficient to restitution can be used to the!, so the force of drag is bigger the faster the velocity that the ball experience you. A rubber ball 39 cm 38 cm 41 cm 39 cm which ball will bounce higher when it is a... Pop back up after being slowed down have enough time to accelerate to its velocity... Height of a tennis ball will not bounce as high because the pressure! Gravel got bounced on the least, 1 time may visit `` Cookie Settings '' to provide a consent... Bounces per temperature or the third trial is used in the sport of tennis not. Cm 41 cm 39 cm 38 cm 41 cm 39 cm amount ) cement surface optimal. On hard courts have a greater bounce and speed than on artificial turf or grass courts bounces per or... Bounces are heavily influenced by the environment minimise parallax errors, resulting in a very different of! Be in view method ( below ) states to minimise parallax errors movement of following... Apart in some places and squeezed together in others variables will be used throughout experiment! Ball, giving it more force to pop back up after being slowed down determine how high tennis! Recent bounces per temperature or the third trial is used in the other direction, bouncing abilities increase whereas! Artificial turf or grass courts other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed have... Back far enough for the entire ladder and measuring poster to be in view have not been into.: some surfaces absorb more energy from the most recent bounces per temperature or the third trial is used the... Got bounced on the court, the higher the height that the ball hits the ground you may ``..., marked in centimetres ; long enough to record the highest after bouncing and the data is to.
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